Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) | Also Known as Causalgia

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), formerly known as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD), is a complex condition characterized by chronic pain and autonomic disturbances that affect skin, temperature, color, and swelling in the affected area. In addition to these symptoms, changes in skin texture, hair, and nail growth can occur, further impacting the muscles, joints, and bones beneath the skin. While these symptoms may not all appear at once, they can significantly hinder recovery and treatment.

CRPS typically develops after an injury or surgery involving the limbs. The name change from RSD to CRPS reflects a deeper understanding of the disorder, emphasizing that the sympathetic nervous system is not always involved, which helps guide more appropriate treatment.

Treatment Options

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome is now understood as a multifactorial disorder involving:

• Neurogenic inflammation
• Nociceptive sensitization (which causes extreme sensitivity or allodynia)
• Vasomotor dysfunction
• Maladaptive neuroplasticity

These issues arise from an abnormal response to tissue injury. Unfortunately, treatment is often challenging and less effective if started late. Treatment for CRPS may include:

• Medications
• Physical therapy
• Psychological treatments
• Neuromodulation

At Montgomery Pain Institute, our multidisciplinary approach to treating CRPS aims to manage symptoms and improve quality of life, even in difficult cases.